FM 6-06 Chapter 6 · Numbers and units

Percentages and ratios

X % of Y, percent change and percentage points, VAT in and out, ratios like 16:9 and aspect resize.

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Decimal mark

X % of Y

Percent

15 % of 200: 30

X is what % of Y

Part

Whole

30 of 200: 15 %

Change from A to B

From A

To B

Percent change: +25 %
Difference: +5
Factor B / A: × 1.25
If A and B are rates: +5 percentage points, which is +25 percent

Percentage points are the plain difference between two percentages. A rate going from 20 % to 25 % rises 5 percentage points (procentpoint), which is a 25 percent rise relative to where it started.

VAT (moms)

Amount

Rate %

Amount is excl. VAT

Excl. VAT: 100
VAT: 25
Incl. VAT: 125

Amount is incl. VAT

Incl. VAT: 100
VAT: 20
Excl. VAT: 80

VAT is added on top of the net price, so taking it out again is not the same percentage: at 25 % the VAT is 20 % of the price including VAT. Danish moms is 25 %, so a fifth of a gross price is moms. Rounding to whole øre is left to you.

Reverse percentage

Value

Percent

30 is 15 % of: 200
Before a rise of 15 %: 26.086957

Ratio

Width or A

Height or B

Simplest form: 16:9
As decimal: 1.777778:1

Resize keeping 16:9

New width

New height

Width 1280 gives height: 720
Height 1080 gives width: 1,920

Numbers may use a decimal comma (12,5) or point (12.5). In the 1,234.5 setting a single comma is read as a decimal comma unless exactly three digits follow it, so 1,234 is one thousand two hundred and thirty-four. Pick 1.234,5 to read every comma as a decimal comma.